邁向新世代高速傳輸：PAM4 技術與測試
Advancing to Next-Gen High-Speed Transmission: PAM4 Technology and Testing

  1. 隨著 800G / 1.6T 高速乙太網路 與 PCIe Gen6/7 的發展，傳統 PAM2 (NRZ) 已經無法支撐更高的資料率需求。With the evolution of 800G/1.6T Ethernet and PCIe Gen6/7, traditional PAM2 (NRZ) can no longer meet higher data rate demands.
  2. PAM4 (Pulse Amplitude Modulation, 4-level) 透過 4 個訊號電平承載 2 bit 資訊，在相同頻寬下傳輸速率翻倍，已成為 112G SerDes 與高速互連的主流技術。
    PAM4 (Pulse Amplitude Modulation, 4-level) carries 2 bits per symbol through 4 signal levels, doubling data throughput within the same bandwidth. It has become the mainstream technology for 112G SerDes and high-speed interconnects.
  3. 多條高頻路徑需切換（SerDes測TX/RX、Loopback驗證）
    Multiple high-frequency paths require switching (SerDes TX/RX test, loopback validation).
  4. 頻寬要求高（PCIe Gen6 ≈32Gbps→需頻寬>40GHz）
    High bandwidth is essential (PCIe Gen6 ≈32Gbps → bandwidth >40GHz).

  5. 測試元件 110Ghz高頻線、Adapter。
    Test components include 110GHz high-frequency cables and adapters.

芝程科技解決方案：